Table 2 Mindfulness inventory comparing pre/post score means with a paired t-test analysis
From: Compassion cultivation training promotes medical student wellness and enhanced clinical care
Mindfulness Skill (# Questions) | Description (adapted from Baer et al. 2004 [52]) | CCT Cohort(s)1 | Pre-test Mean | Post-test Mean | Pre-test Standard Deviation | Post-test Standard Deviation | | t | | p 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Observing (12) | Noticing or attending to a variety of stimuli, including internal phenomena (bodily sensations, cognitions, and emotions) and external phenomena (sounds and smells) | 2015–16 | 42.6 | 49.0 | 8.5 | 8.7 | 3.62 | 0.005 |
2017 | 43.5 | 42.8 | 10.5 | 10.6 | 0.39 | 0.702 | ||
Describing (8) | Labeling and noting observed phenomena by applying words such as “sadness” or “anger” in a nonjudgmental way | 2015–16 | 29.0 | 31.1 | 5.3 | 5.4 | 2.10 | 0.062 |
2017 | 26.3 | 26.4 | 5.9 | 6.3 | 0.15 | 0.882 | ||
Acting with Awareness (10) | Engaging fully in one’s current activity with undivided attention; focusing on one thing at a time | 2015–16 | 28.2 | 31.6 | 6.5 | 3.5 | 2.00 | 0.073 |
2017 | 27.1 | 27.8 | 6.1 | 5.6 | 0.69 | 0.502 | ||
Accepting without Judgment (9) | Refraining from evaluative labels such as good/bad, right/wrong, or worthwhile/worthless; allowing reality to be without attempts to avoid, escape, or change it | 2015–16 | 26.4 | 29.4 | 5.8 | 6.1 | 2.87 | 0.017 |
2017 | 29.4 | 27.3 | 9.1 | 6.5 | 1.42 | 0.175 |