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Fig. 3 | BMC Medical Education

Fig. 3

From: A simple and short microbiology practical improves undergraduate nursing students’ awareness of bacterial traits and ability to avoid spreading infections

Fig. 3

Validity of items in questionnaires on estimating changes in awareness via practical. Upper panel shows psychometric properties including mean score, distribution scores, and Cronbach’s α score. Score distributions show diffract values (See the Methods section). Cronbach’s α score of more than 0.8 was considered as having significant validity. Lower panel shows the comparison of ID (difficulty index) among “Expected DI” (theoretically expected) (White bar), “Observed DI (pre)” (before the practical) (Blue bar), and “Observed DI (after)” (after the practical) (Red bar). The DIs were compared using a Bonferroni/Dunn test, but no significant difference was seen. “Q1–7” shows the items of questionnaires. See Table 1. Additionally, for estimating Cronbach’s α scores, the “correct answers” provided against each of the questions are settled up into each of the Questions as underlined items in Table 1

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