Pure PBL, Hybrid PBL and Lecturing: which one is more effective in developing cognitive skills of undergraduate students in pediatric nursing course?

Table 2 Means, SDs, and ANCOVA for Overall, Higher-order, and Lower-order Performances on Posttest

Measures	Groups	n	Mean	SD	F	df	p	η²
Overall Performance	PPBL	30	56.10	9.56
	HPBL	30	56.70	9.44	14.32	2.91	.001	0.24
	COTL	35	49.04	8.91
Higher-order Performance	PPBL	30	39.60	7.97
	HPBL	30	40.04	7.20	17.23	2.91	.001	0.28
	COTL	35	32.56	7.36
Lower-order Performance	PPBL	30	16.50	2.27
	HPBL	30	16.67	2.99	.078	2.91	.925	0.002
	COTL	35	16.49	2.27

ISSN: 1472-6920