Table 2 Content summary for the four included studies
Authors and year | Methodological quality* | Study design | Participant and setting | Educational programs/training | Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Antognoli et al. [23] 2017 | 75% | Mixed methods study - Document review and audit: program-level demographic and curricular information (n = 25) - Cross-sectional survey: resident’s knowledge, attitudes, self-efficacy, and perceived professional norms (n = 219) - In-depth interviews: program member’s perceptions regarding ONPA counseling in primary care residency education (n = 84) | Primary care residency programs in the state of Ohio, including family medicine (FM), internal medicine (IM), OB/GYN residents and faculty members | ONPA training | Program structure: ONPA-related training opportunities |
Physician outcomes: knowledge, attitudes, self-efficacy, and perceived professional norms | |||||
Patient outcomes: N/A | |||||
Malatskey et al. [26] 2017 | 75% | Pre- and post-course survey (n = 91) to investigate resident’s knowledge, attitudes, self-efficacy, personal health survey, and teaching feedback | Israeli family medicine residents at Tel Aviv University and “HaEmek” medical center | A 20-h lifestyle medicine course including 4 h of PA basic concepts and prescription | Program structure: topics and allocation of academic hours |
Physician outcomes: knowledge, attitudes, self-efficacy, personal health, and teaching feedback | |||||
Patient outcomes: N/A | |||||
Smith et al. [25] 2015 | 75% | Cross-sectional survey to investigate associations among ONPA counseling, demographic, and training program characteristics (n = 219) | Primary care residents (FM, IM, and OB/GYN) across Ohio | ONPA counseling | Program structure: N/A |
Physician outcomes: associations among ONPA counseling scores (knowledge, attitudes, self-efficacy, and professional norms) and training program characteristics | |||||
Patient outcomes: N/A | |||||
Jay et al. [24] 2010 | 75% | Non-randomized controlled trial to explore rate of counseling and quality of counseling from patient interviews - Intervention group (curriculum): 12 residents with 82 patients interviewed - Control group (no curriculum): 11 residents with 76 patients interviewed | Primary care residents in a residency program at Gouverneur Healthcare Services, part of the New York City Health and Hospitals Corporation | A 5-h obesity counseling curriculum based on the 5As (assess, advise, agree, assist, arrange) using case-study, role play, standardized patients, faculty-facilitated videotape review, and counseling skills (behavioral assessment, goal setting, and motivational interviewing) | Program structure: designed obesity counseling curriculum for the intervention group |
Physician outcomes: obesity counseling performance | |||||
Patient outcomes: number of patients counseled about obesity |