Meta-analysis on the effectiveness of team-based learning on medical education in China

BMC Medical Education

Table 3 Summary of effect sizes for TBL and LBL

Outcomes	No. of studies	No. of subjects	SMD (95% CI)	I ²	P _{Heterogeneity}
Examination scores	13	1545	2.46 (1.53–3.40)	98.00%	P < 0.001
Questionnaire surveys
Learning attitude	4	505	3.23 (2.27–4.20)	92.10%	P < 0.001
Learning skill	5	607	2.70 (1.33–4.07)	97.40%	P < 0.001

TBL team-based learning, LBL lecture-based learning, SMD standardized mean difference, CI confidence interval;
No. of studies, learning attitude (Yuan et al. [20], Chao et al. [22], Tao [26], Wan [31]); learning skill (Yuan et al. [20], Chao et al. [22], Tao [26], Xu et al. [29], Wan [31]);
SMD (95% CI), random-effects model was used because P value for heterogeneity test< 0.10

ISSN: 1472-6920