Table 2 When students should achieve professionalism and communication competencies
Competency | Subdomain Competencies | Under graduate % | FM Residency % | After Residency % | p* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Communicate effectively according to given roles | CCS | 50.0 | 42.1 | 7.9 | 0.003 |
Establish a therapeutic and professional relationship | CCS | 35.1 | 54.1 | 10.8 | 0.005 |
Build a suitable relationship | CCS | 60.5 | 34.2 | 5.3 | < 0.001 |
Involve the bio-psycho-social context | CCS | 48.9 | 44.4 | 6.7 | < 0.001 |
Understand the perspective of the patient and his or her family | CCS | 70.6 | 29.4 | 0.0 | 0.016 |
Adapt communication according to the patient and his or her family | CCS | 73.8 | 21.4 | 4.8 | < 0.001 |
Engage patients and families to share in decision-making | CCS | 77.8 | 22.2 | 0.0 | < 0.001 |
Support decision-making based on the needs and interests of the patient | CCS | 71.8 | 23.1 | 5.1 | < 0.001 |
Structure and organize communication/clinical interviews | CCS | 59.5 | 38.1 | 2.4 | < 0.001 |
Communicate bad news appropriately | CCS | 17.1 | 70.7 | 12.2 | < 0.001 |
Inform patients and family adequately | CCS | 52.6 | 42.1 | 5.3 | < 0.001 |
Work effectively in multidisciplinary team, adapting to the particularities of each team and given roles | IC | 19.4 | 69.4 | 11.1 | < 0.001 |
Perform consulting, helping colleagues, other professionals, and the healthcare system | IC | 52.4 | 42.9 | 4.8 | < 0.001 |
Communicate effectively to promote understanding and resolve conflicts, aiming to ensure the success of teamwork | IC | 16.3 | 53.5 | 30.2 | 0.010 |
Perform teamwork, aiming to ensure patient safety | IC | 19.5 | 70.7 | 9.8 | < 0.001 |
Communicate about ethical issues with other health professionals | IC | 22.2 | 61.1 | 16.7 | 0.002 |
Demonstrate basic leadership skills | Leadership | 41.7 | 47.2 | 11.1 | 0.017 |
Engage in the management of human and health care resources | Leadership | 7.0 | 37.2 | 55.8 | < 0.001 |
Know and apply ethics, acting with honesty and respecting ethical and moral values | Professionalism | 90.5 | 9.5 | 0.0 | < 0.001 |
Act with interest and dedication | Professionalism | 100.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | < 0.001 |
Prioritize patient’s/family’s/community’s interests above one’s own | Professionalism | 64.4 | 26.7 | 8.9 | < 0.001 |
Recognize one’s limits and know when to request support | Professionalism | 68.2 | 31.8 | 0.0 | 0.016 |
Be responsible and careful in one’s actions | Professionalism | 69.2 | 30.8 | 0.0 | 0.016 |
Attempt to promote patient and/or family safety | Professionalism | 89.5 | 7.9 | 2.6 | < 0.001 |
Act according to the highest standards of excellence and know where to seek knowledge | Professionalism | 41.7 | 36.1 | 22.2 | 0.338 |
Be empathic and respectful, valuing the feelings and wishes of colleagues, patients, teachers, and other professionals | Professionalism | 91.9 | 5.4 | 2.7 | < 0.001 |
Consider the beliefs, needs, and views of patients/families | Professionalism | 81.8 | 15.9 | 2.3 | < 0.001 |
Reflect and have good critical skills | Professionalism | 65.9 | 26.8 | 7.3 | < 0.001 |
Deal with uncertainty appropriately, adapting to different situations and contexts | Professionalism | 32.4 | 54.1 | 13.5 | 0.010 |
Recognize and nurture their own physical and mental health | Professionalism | 87.1 | 9.7 | 3.2 | < 0.001 |