Fostering clinical reasoning in physiotherapy: comparing the effects of concept map study and concept map completion after example study in novice and advanced learners

Table 1 Mean problem-solving performance (SD) across the first and second pre-test of the pre-test phaseexpressed as a percentage of the maximum score, and 2 × 2 ANOVA results for the effects of learners’ prior ability, time moment and factor interaction

Learning outcome	Advanced learners			Novice learners			2 × 2 ANOVA
								Main effects		Interaction effect
	First pre-test	Second Pre-test	Mean	First pre-test	Second Pre-test	Mean	Statistical value	Prior ability	Test moment	Prior ability x Test moment
Problem-solving performance	77.1 (11.9)	65.8 (14.9)	70.7 (14.8)	42.7 (9.3)	47.1 (12.3)	44.7 (11.2)	F_(1,57)	86.840	7.306	38.057
							MSE	21,492.292	361.266	1881.896
							P	< .001	= .009	< .001
							η_p ²	.595	.110	.392

MSE represents mean-square error value; η_p ² represents effect size (partial eta square) calculated for all comparisons. Statistically significant p values (p < .05) are presented in bold

ISSN: 1472-6920