Checklist questions | Study 2 (Heartfield et al. 2013) [60] | Study 3 (Welch, 2014) [51] | Study 4 (Newton et al. 2011) [42] | Study 6 (Bowler 2010) [61] | Study 7 (LeRoy et al. 2014) [55] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. There is congruity between the stated philosophical perspective and the research methodology | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ |
2. There is congruity between the research methodology and the research question or objectives | X | X | √ | X | √ |
3. There is congruity between the research methodology and the methods used to collect data | Unclear | X | √ | √ | √ |
4. There is congruity between the research methodology and the representation and analysis of data | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ |
5. There is congruity between the research methodology and the interpretation of results | Limited | √ | √ | √ | Limited |
6. There is a statement locating the researcher culturally and theoretically | X | X | X | X | X |
7. The influence of the researcher on the research, and vice-versa, is addressed | X | X | Unclear | X | X |
8. Participants and their voices are adequately represented | X | X | Limited | √ | Limited |
9. The research is ethical according to current criteria or, for recent studies, there is evidence of ethical approval by an appropriate body | X | X | √ | Unclear | √ |
10. Conclusions drawn in the research report do appear to flow from the analysis, or interpretation, of the data | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ |