The development and validation of the clinicians’ awareness towards cognitive errors (CATChES) in clinical decision making questionnaire tool

Table 3 Content Validity of Item Relevance for Part B of Questionnaire

Item	N	A	P_C	I-CVI		Evaluation of
Item no. 1 “Cognitive errors due to over-attachment to a particular diagnosis”	9	9	0.00195	1	1	Excellent
Item no. 2 “Cognitive errors due to failure to consider alternative diagnoses”	9	9	0.00195	1	1	Excellent
Item no. 3 “Cognitive errors due to inheriting someone else’s thinking”	9	9	0.00195	1	1	Excellent
Item no. 4 “Cognitive errors in prevalence perception or estimation”	9	8	0.01757	0.89	0.89	Excellent
Item no. 5 “Cognitive errors involving patient characteristics or presentation context”	9	9	0.00195	1	1	Excellent
Item no. 6 “Cognitive errors that are associated with the doctor’s affect or personality”	9	9	0.00195	1	1	Excellent

P_c is the probability of chance of occurrence. The formula for P_c is: N!/[A!*(N-A)!]*0.5^N where N the number of judges, A the number agreeing on good relevance. I-CVI is A/N
The formula for modified kappa statistic () = (I-CVI – pc)/(1 – pc), where P_c represents probability of a chance occurrence (Polit et al. [16])
Evaluation criteria for modified kappa (): = fair (0.40–0.59), = good (0.60–0.74) and = excellent (>0.74)
CVI should be 0.85 and above (Lynn 1986) to establish validity with a p < 0.05

ISSN: 1472-6920