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Table 2 A case where IO access is indicated

From: Intraosseous access can be taught to medical students using the four-step approach

“You have been called to the emergency room where a patient is unconscious. During the primary survey you establish the need for a vascular access to initiate resuscitation with fluids and medications. Failure to gain access with a peripheral venous catheter calls for the use of the intraosseous device.

The equipment needed is placed on the table in front of you. Feel free to talk out loud while performing the procedure, however this is not a requirement.”