Table 1 Diagnostic knowledge dimensions according to Schmidmaier [7], van Gog [9], Krathwohl [10]
Knowledge dimension | Definition | Examples of knowledge |
|---|---|---|
Conceptual Knowledge - what- | The basic elements one must know to be acquainted with a discipline or solve problems in it. | Knowledge of terminology, specific details, and elements. |
Strategic Knowledge - how - | How to execute something; methods of inquiry, and criteria for using skills, algorithms, techniques and methods. | Knowledge of subject-specific skills and algorithms, subject-specific techniques and methods, and criteria for determining when to use appropriate procedures. Knowledge about problem solving |
Conditional Knowledge - why - | The interrelationships among the basic elements within a larger structure that enable them to function together. | Knowledge of classifications and categories, principles and generalizations, theories, models, and structures. Knowledge about the rationale behind. |
Metacognitive Knowledge - selfcognition- | How to think about thinking; knowledge about cognitive tasks, and self-knowledge | Knowledge about cognition in general as well as awareness of one’s own knowledge. Knowledge about one’s own cognition |