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Table 4 Raw means pre and post intervention values and p-values for dexterity measures

From: A randomised controlled trial of sensory awareness training and additional motor practice for learning scalpel skills in podiatry students

Task

Outcomes

Means (SD)

F value

P-value (Grp x Time)

Control (n = 14)

Sensory (n = 15)

Motor (n = 15)

Pre

Post

Pre

Post

Pre

Post

Grip-Lift task

Preload duration (ms)

 Dominant

176.22 (180.15)

123.37 (42.56)

98.08 (35.21)

98.58 (36.40)

157.66 (228.74)

129.13 (62.24)

0.12

0.89

 Non-dominant

181.21 (137.66)

120.00 (65.84)

72.00 (48.82)

88.44 (40.14)

90.71 (53.36)

131.20 (79.88)

3.53

0.04*

Maximum grip force (N)

 Dominant

5.07 (1.99)

4.57 (1.79)

6.52 (2.89)

6.55 (2.81)

7.22 (4.73)

7.13 (3.55)

0.19

0.83

 Non-dominant

6.18 (2.57)

5.34 (2.10)

6.80 (2.67)

7.71 (6.11)

7.67 (4.27)

7.59 (3.13)

0.67

0.52

Maximum correlation (ρ)

 Dominant

0.77 (0.11)

0.81 (0.06)

0.77 (0.07)

0.78 (0.06)

0.78 (0.07)

0.75 (0.10)

0.35

0.71

 Non-dominant

0.77 (0.07)

0.78 (0.07)

0.76 (0.07)

0.77 (0.07)

0.78 (0.06)

0.77 (0.07)

0.47

0.63

Average Grip (N)

 Dominant

4.48 (1.75)

3.69 (1.27)

5.47 (3.11)

5.16 (3.14)

6.10 (3.81)

5.63 (2.68)

0.40

0.68

 Non-dominant

4.49 (1.92)

3.97 (1.55)

5.23 (2.07)

5.77 (5.54)

5.30 (2.46)

6.00 (2.73)

0.55

0.58

SD Grip

 Dominant

0.13 (0.07)

0.10 (0.06)

0.18 (0.13)

0.16 (0.17)

0.17 (0.11)

0.14 (0.12)

0.45

0.64

 Non-dominant

0.16 (0.07)

0.13 (0.09)

0.16 (0.07)

0.18 (0.11)

0.18 (0.08)

0.15 (0.08)

2.11

0.13

Hold Ratio

 Dominant

1.70 (0.76)

1.51 (0.52)

1.90 (0.83)

2.09 (1.28)

2.15 (1.36)

2.29 (1.08)

0.46

0.64

 Non-dominant

1.83 (0.79)

1.62 (0.63)

2.12 (0.84)

2.37 (2.38)

2.17 (1.04)

2.42 (1.09)

0.39

0.68

Lift Duration (ms)

 Dominanta

277.78 (160.24)

309.74 (129.72)

299.67 (96.32)

290.01 (86.93)

235.11 (66.37)

253.43 (86.31)

0.41

0.66

 Non-dominant

330.74 (186.32)

359.03 (150.55)

252.93 (99.38)

295.65 (123.32)

253.56 (99.23)

255.26 (102.75)

0.42

0.66

Purdue Pegboard

No. of pegs

 Dominant

14.57 (1.55)

15.21 (1.76)

15.20 (1.78)

15.07 (1.90)

15.20 (1.93)

16.13 (1.41)

1.55

0.22

 Non-Dominant

14.00 (2.04)

14.21 (1.53)

13.73 (2.25)

14.57 (1.60)

14.13 (2.07)

14.67 (1.76)

0.31

0.73

Grooved Pegboard Test

Time to complete

 Dominant

56.87 (7.92)

55.47 (7.66)

58.14 (11.03)

55.07 (6.82)

56.02 (7.84)

53.59 (6.36)

0.18

0.83

 Non-Dominant

62.37 (6.07)

60.77 (8.34)

61.31 (7.78)

59.09 (5.23)

62.40 (13.05)

61.59 (11.28)

0.26

0.77

  1. aModel includes ‘history of computer gaming’ variable as a random effect
  2. *p ≤ 0.05
  3. p-values calculated using linear mixed model analysis