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Table 2 Comparison of learning products between the first and last cases (range: 0–1; n = 26 for each group)

From: Visualizing complex processes using a cognitive-mapping tool to support the learning of clinical reasoning

  

First case

Last case

Paired-sample t-tests

M

SD

M

SD

Paired difference

t

df

p

RP

Exp

.53

.15

.67

.22

.14

2.63

25

.025*

Ctrl

.38

.11

.43

.09

.05

1.31

25

.212

1) DAT

Exp

.64

.21

.82

.16

.18

3.73

25

.004**

Ctrl

.55

.22

.66

.13

.11

2.12

25

.054

2) HYP

Exp

.52

.21

.59

.28

.07

.90

25

.391

Ctrl

.30

.11

.29

.09

-.02

-.56

25

.583

3) REA

Exp

.43

.20

.59

.30

.16

1.75

25

.111

Ctrl

.30

.11

.32

.15

.02

.37

25

.720

CK

Exp

.13

.17

.34

.28

.21

2.73

25

.021*

Crl

.39

.14

.42

.15

.03

.23

25

.862

4) CON

Exp

.18

.23

.39

.28

.21

2.52

25

.031*

Ctrl

.41

.16

.45

.20

.04

.04

25

.435

5) COR

Exp

.07

.12

.30

.29

.23

2.65

25

.024*

Ctrl

.36

.16

.39

.16

.03

1.00

25

.336

Overall

Exp

.39

.13

.55

.25

.16

2.61

25

.026*

Ctrl

.38

.13

.39

.13

.02

.56

25

.583

  1. DAT: data capture; HYP: hypotheses formulation; REA: reasoning; CON: concept identification; COR: concept relationships
  2. RP: reasoning process; CK: construction of knowledge
  3. Exp: experimental group; Ctrl: control group
  4. *p <0.05; **p <0.01
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