| Overall | Lead authorships | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | male | Â | female | male | Â | female |
 Frequency | 154 |  | 131 | 86 |  | 54 |
 Percent within ‘gender’ | 40 % |  | 24.3 % | 34.3 % |  | 18.2 % |
Final grade of the doctorate | excellent | very good | good/satisfactory | excellent | very good | good/satisfactory |
 Frequency | 45 | 190 | 50 | 26 | 89 | 25 |
 Percent within ‘final grade’ | 52.9 % | 39.2 % | 14 % | 32.9 % | 25.5 % | 21 % |
Participation in a structured doctoral study program | yes | Â | no | yes | Â | no |
 Frequency | 30 |  | 255 | 21 |  | 119 |
 Percent within ‘participation in a structured doctoral study program’ | 45.5 % |  | 29.7 % | 36.8 % |  | 24.3 % |