Quality specifications in postgraduate medical e-learning: an integrative literature review leading to a postgraduate medical e-learning model

Table 3 Articles used for the postgraduate medical education model identified in the literature search

First author	Year	Type of study	Domains discussed*	Evidence tier	Reference
Khoiny	1995	Expert opinion	1	Low	[57]
Kim	1999	Systematic review	1, 2, 4, 5, 6	High	[72]
Sekikawa	2001	Expert opinion	2	Low	[73]
Doyle	2002	Expert opinion	2, 3	Low	[74]
Jha	2002	Case study	1, 2, 4	Low	[75]
Minasian	2002	Expert opinion	1, 2, 5, 6	Low	[55]
Cook	2004	Review	1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6	high	[6]
Olson	2004	Review	1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6	high	[20]
Knight	2004	Expert opinion	1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6	low	[48]
Casebeer	2004	Trial	2, 4, 5	high	[44]
Curry	2005	Expert opinion	1, 2, 4, 5, 6	low	[47]
Bangert	2005	Case study	2, 3, 4, 5	low	[46]
Garde	2007	Case study	3, 4, 5	low	[43]
Maor	2007	Review	3, 4	high	[45]
Posel	2009	Review	1, 2, 4, 5, 6	high	[66]
Casimiro	2009	Review	2, 4, 5	high	[71]
Cook	2010	RCT	3, 4, 5	high	[50]
Wong	2010	Review	1, 2, 3, 4, 5	high	[51]
Mayer	2010	Review	4	high	[54]
Short	2010	Review	2, 3, 4, 5	high	[64]
Alexander	2010	Expert opinion	1, 2, 3, 5, 6	low	[37]
Friedlander	2011	Review	4	high	[62]
Chang	2011	Case study	1, 2, 3, 4	low	[49]
Issa	2011	Cohort study	4	low	[63]
Mounsey	2012	RCT	4	high	[60]
Raymond	2012	Expert opinion	1, 3, 4, 5	low	[41]
Sowan	2013	Expert opinion	1, 3, 4, 5	low	[39]
Mhouti	2013	Review	1, 3, 4, 5	high	[58]
Bluestone	2013	Meta-analysis	4, 5	high	[61]
Gordon	2013	RCT	4	high	[38]
Shaw	2014	Case study	2, 4, 5	low	[76]
Lewis	2014	Review	1, 2, 4, 5	high	[52]
Yavner	2014	Expert opinion	1, 2, 4, 5, 6	low	[53]
Lau	2014	Review	2, 4, 5	high	[42]
Davids	2014	RCT	2, 4, 5	high	[56]
Cook	2015	Review	1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6	high	[10]

RCT randomized controlled trial
Domains: 1. Preparation, 2. Design and system, 3. Communication, 4. Content, 5. Assessment, 6. Maintenance

ISSN: 1472-6920