Effectiveness of simulation-based nursing education depending on fidelity: a meta-analysis

BMC Medical Education

Table 4 Effect sizes by level of fidelity, to evaluation levels

Outcomes	Type of fidelity	k	−95 % CI	ES	+95 % CI	SE
	HFS	77	0.67	0.86	1.05	0.09
	MFS	5	0.18	1.03	1.88	0.43
	LFS	13	0.18	0.35	0.52	0.86
	Hybrid	5	0.16	0.34	0.52	0.09
	SP	29	0.61	0.86	1.11	0.12
Reaction	HFS	5	0.41	0.64	0.87	0.11
	LFS	4	0.01	0.27	0.54	0.13
Cognitive	HFS	16	0.36	0.50	0.64	0.11
	MFS	1	−0.55	0.06	0.68	0.31
	LFS	1	−0.11	0.47	1.05	0.29
	SP	7	0.12	0.32	0.52	0.10
Affective	HFS	21	0.54	0.80	1.07	0.13
	MFS	1	−0.61	0.01	0.62	0.31
	LFS	4	0.06	0.39	0.71	0.16
	Hybrid	2	−0.03	0.35	0.75	0.20
	SP	9	0.51	0.73	0.95	0.11
Psychomotor	HFS	28	0.77	1.03	1.30	0.13
	MFS	3	1.41	1.76	2.11	0.17
	LFS	4	−0.05	0.38	0.82	0.22
	Hybrid	1	0.32	0.62	0.92	0.15
	SP	10	0.64	1.27	1.89	0.31

ISSN: 1472-6920