Table 1 Cognitive and affective scales used to assess physician traits

Reflective Coping (RC) sub-scale of the Proactive Coping Inventory [11, 12]

• coping in the setting of stress and distress

• self-efficacy

• affect and proactive attitude

11

Proactive Coping (PC) sub-scale of the Proactive Coping Inventory [11, 12]

• proactive goal attainment/orientation

• self-confidence

• self-regulatory cognition & behavior

14

Multiple Stimulus Types Ambiguity Tolerance - II (MSTAT-II) [5, 13, 14]

• tolerance for ambiguity

• degree of comfort with uncertainty and/or complexity

• receptiveness to change

13

Need for Cognition (NFC) [5, 15]

• learner motivation

• tendency to engage in and enjoy cognitive efforts

• positive self-esteem, successful adaptive decision-making

• reflects individual affect in processing cognitive information

• low NFC indicates social anxiety and difficulty with decision making

18

State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) - Trait component [16]

• stable individual tendencies toward anxiety in a range of threatening situations

• measure of affect

20