From: Mapping of the biomedical literature evaluation competencies based on pharmacy students’ feedback
Direct assessment | Indirect assessment | |
---|---|---|
PHA421, N = 68 | N (%) | N (%) |
Evaluate clinical trials published in the medical and pharmaceutical literature | 63 (92 %) | 61 (90 %) |
Describe different study designs including experimental and non-experimental designs. | 60 (88 %) | 57 (84 %) |
Interpret study statistical analysis including p-values, and type I and II errors | 55 (81 %) | 55 (81 %) |
PHA557, N = 72 | ||
Critically evaluate a pharmacoeconomic article (i.e. apply PEa in pharmaceutical care decisions making) | 53 (74 %) | 58 (80 %) |
Define type I error, Type II error, power, effect size, p-value, and the relation among them | 66 (92 %) | 66 (92 %) |
PHA570, N = 38 | ||
Critically evaluate clinical trials (e.g. identify study characteristics, interpret the statistical data, and determine the study internal and external validities) | 33 (87 %) | 37 (97 %) |