Table 4 CPR performance and team leader verbalizations^a

CPR performance measures

 No-flow time (%)

27.75 (6.09)

29.09 (6.71)

1.34 (95 % CI −2.5, 5.2)

0.485

 Adherence to ALS Guidelines (60 = high, −37 = low)

37.58 (6.02)

31.41 (7.06)

−6.4 (95 % CI −10.3, −2.4)

0.002

Team leader verbalization categories^b

 Direct orders (%)

2.29 (1.20)

0.47 (0.40)

−1.82 (95 % CI −2.4, −1.2)

<0.001

 Undirected orders (%)

3.90 (1.70)

2.08 (1.46)

−1.82 (95 % CI −2.8, −0.9)

<0.001

 Planning (%)

0.44 (0.47)

0.17 (0.24)

−0.27 (95 % CI −0.5, −0.05)

0.018

 Task assignments (%)

0.11 (0.16)

0.02 (0.05)

−0.09 (95 % CI −0.2, −0.01)

0.023