Table 2 Comparison of the learning approaches
| Â | Superficial | Deep/Strategic | Chi square | Odds ratio |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | n (%) | n (%) | p-value | Â |
Year 2 | 55 (25.3) | 162 (74.7) | 0.176 | 1.375 |
Year 3 | 40 (19.8) | 162 (80.2) | Â | Â |
(Yr2 & Yr3) | 95 (22.7) | 324 (77.3) | Â | Â |
Malaysian | 90 (23.5) | 293 (76.5) | 0.188 | 1.904 |
International | 5 (13.9) | 31 (86.1) | Â | Â |
Online Lectures | 66 (21.8) | 237 (78.2) | 0.482 | 1.197 |
Books | 74 (22.2) | 260 (77.8) | 0.616 | 1.153 |
Discussion | 23 (24.2) | 72 (75.8) | 0.684 | 0.894 |
Own Notes | 12 (15.2) | 67 (84.8) | 0.078 | 1.803 |
Male | 48 (25.5) | 140 (74.5) | 0.207 | 1.342 |
Female | 47 (20.3) | 184 (79.7) | Â | Â |
Undergraduate | 92 (22.4) | 318 (77.6) | 0.440 | 0.579 |
Postgraduate | 3 (33.3) | 6 (66.7) | Â | Â |
Age ≤20 | 27 (20.9) | 102 (79.1) | 0.570 | 0.864 |
Age > 20 | 68 (23.4) | 222 (76.6) |  |  |
Unimodal | 76 (22.2) | 267 (77.8) | 0.592 | 0.854 |
Multimodal | 19 (25) | 57 (75) | Â | Â |
Mid/High Achievers | 66 (20.6) | 255 (79.4) | 0.062 | 1.624 |
Low Achievers | 29 (29.6) | 69 (70.4) | Â | Â |