Table 1 Proportion of PGMTS' with correct answers for questions
1. How would you define the scientific hypothesis? | 62 (33.2) |
a. A proposed idea or thought | |
b. An answer or solution to a question | |
c. An answer or solution to a question which has a capacity of verification or empirical demonstration* | |
d. logical deduction of the premises that may or may not be verified empirically | |
2. How would you define scientific theory? | 56 (29.9) |
a. Speculation or assumption with no or insufficient evidence | |
b. Scientific hypotheses that may be proven, but lacking evidence for verification. | |
c. Set of scientific knowledge on a given topic or area | |
d. System of hypotheses logically connected to one another, with common background, some of which | |
have been verified* | |
3. How would you define the scientific truth? | 33 (17.6) |
a. The truth that will be reached through scientific research | |
b. Absolute truth | |
c. Consensus of competent experts * | |
d. Fact that can be found in the textbooks | |
e. Facts that your professors teach you | |
4. The essential characteristic of science is: | 49 (26.2) |
a. All scientific conclusions are temporary* | |
b. Scientific theory cannot merely explain natural phenomena, but must somehow also exert influence | |
upon them | |
c. Rather obvious scientific conclusion does not have to be testable | |
d. An experiment is not an objective model of the nature but serves as an introduction into real | |
research of natural phenomena | |
5. A scale from 1 to 5 (like grades on an examination) is called: | 106(56.7) |
a. Ratio scale | |
b. Nominal | |
c. Ordinal * | |
d. Interval | |
e. It is not a scale | |
6. Representativeness is a key characteristic of a: | 80 42.8) |
a. Scientific paper | |
b. Professional paper | |
c. Scientific research | |
d. Sample* | |
e. Population | |
7. MEDLINE is: | 73 (39) |
a. The first and best known "on-line" medical journal | |
b. International association of medical informaticians | |
c. Printed form of the Excerpta Medica | |
d. Abbreviation (acronym) that lists the parts of the research article | |
e. Medical database* | |
8. In the previous year, you have published a paper in a prestigious Journal of Immunology. | |
Now you want to check the number of citations your paper has received. | |
The best way to do it would be to search the: | 62 (33.2) |
a. author index of the MEDLINE database | |
b. Corporate index of the Science Citation Index database | |
c. Author index of the Current Contents database | |
d. Citation index of the Science Citation Index database* | |
e. Author index of the Science Citation Index database | |
9. The part of a scientific paper is: | 78 (41.7) |
a. Author's curriculum vitae | |
b. Letter to the editor enclosed with the paper | |
c. Description of the timeline | |
d. Acknowledgment to persons who assisted you during the research* | |
10. All listed rules apply to the process of writing an Introduction section of a scientific paper EXCEPT: | 90 (48.1) |
a. clearly state why the research has been started | |
b. do not explain textbook facts | |
c. do not explain words from the title of the paper | |
d. make it longer rather than shorter* | |
e. clearly define the question to which your research aims to provide an answer |