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Table 3 Belief/attitude responses: differences among three groups: baseline, participants, and nonparticipants

From: Effects of a refugee elective on medical student perceptions

   

Enrollment Status

P-values for Overall and Multiple Comparisons for Between Group Differences Given One Significant Mean Difference Between Three Groups

(BL = Baseline ENRL = Enrolled NE = Not enrolled)

Item

Belief/Attitude

Baseline

(n = 408)

mean (SD)

Yes

(n = 42)

mean (SD)

No

(n = 361)

mean (SD)

 

p-value

BL vs ENRL

BL vs NE

ENRL vs NE

1

I am comfortable interacting with patients

4.48 (0.60)

4.50 (0.72)

4.47 (0.57)

Unadjusted

.7040

---

---

---

     

Adjusted §

.6688

---

---

---

2.

I am comfortable interacting with foreign-born patients.

4.36 (0.64)

4.52 (0.77)

4.28 (0.59)

Unadjusted

.0017 *

.1865

.1282

.0079*

     

Adjusted §

.0023 *

.2359

.5970

.0323*

3.

I am comfortable obtaining a personal and medical history from patients.

4.38 (0.63)

4.41 (0.71)

4.38 (0.60)

Unadjusted

.7386

---

---

---

     

Adjusted §

.9280

---

---

---

4.

I am comfortable obtaining a personal history from foreign-born patients.

4.25 (0.73)

4.41 (0.50)

4.17 (0.72)

Unadjusted

.0646

---

---

---

     

Adjusted §

.0606

---

---

---

5.

I am comfortable taking a sensitive torture/rape/violence history from a patient.

3.62 (0.99)

3.59 (1.00)

3.51 (1.01)

Unadjusted

.3880

---

---

---

     

Adjusted §

.3844

---

---

---

6.

I know the medical issues common to refugees.

2.21 (0.84)

4.05 (0.58)

2.21 (0.73)

Unadjusted

< .0001*

< .0001*

1.000

< .0001*

     

Adjusted §

< .0001*

< .0001*

1.000

< .0001*

7.

I know the mental health issues common to refugees.

2.15 (0.79)

4.05 (0.49)

2.21 (0.78)

Unadjusted

< .0001*

< .0001*

1.000

< .0001*

     

Adjusted §

< .0001*

< .0001*

1.000

< .0001*

8.

I am able to identify cultural differences in understanding medical/mental health conditions

3.24 (0.96)

4.00 (0.58)

3.45 (0.90)

Unadjusted

< .0001*

< .0001*

.0189*

.0010*

     

Adjusted §

< .0001*

< .0001*

.0069*

.0125*

9.

I am aware of and can identify alternative/traditional medical practices

3.35 (0.91)

3.86 (0.52)

3.44 (0.89)

Unadjusted

.0024*

.0035*

1.000

.0282*

     

Adjusted §

.0022*

.0130*

.8094

.1011

10.

I understand the logistical hindrances to medical follow-up and compliance

3.69 (0.80)

4.12 (0.55)

3.91 (0.71)

Unadjusted

< .0001*

< .0001*

.0189*

.0010*

     

Adjusted §

< .0001*

< .0001*

.0069*

.0125*

11.

I understand the cultural/social hindrances to medical follow-up and compliance.

3.63 (0.84)

4.14 (0.61)

3.89 (0.70)

Unadjusted

< .0001*

.0004*

.0002*

.0962

     

Adjusted §

< .0001*

.0016*

.0001*

.5888

12.

My race/ethnic background will not/does not affect my interactions with patients.

3.27 (1.24)

2.57 (1.15)

2.96 (1.20)

Unadjusted

< .0001*

.0028*

.0027*

.2088

     

Adjusted §

< .0001*

.0100*

.0012*

.8173

13.

My religious background will not/does not affect my interactions with patients.

3.51 (1.20)

2.90 (1.23)

3.26 (1.20)

Unadjusted

.0008*

.0164*

.0267*

.4297

     

Adjusted §

.0007*

.0213*

.0299*

.5719

14.

My gender will not affect my interactions with patients.

3.24 (1.21)

2.57 (1.15)

2.94 (1.14)

Unadjusted

< .0001*

.0041*

.0031*

.1984

     

Adjusted §

< .0001*

.0126*

.0025*

.7839

  1. Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; BL, baseline; PRT, participants; NP, nonparticipants; Vs, versus.
  2. § Adjusted for self-reported minority status and multi-lingual status.
  3. * Statistically significant