Preconventional Level | |
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Stage 1: Obedience and Punishment Orientation | Focus on avoidance of punishment by not breaking the rules and deference to authority figures. |
Stage 2: Individualism and Exchange Orientation | Acceptance of alternative views as right and wrong is determined by what satisfies the individual's particular needs. |
Conventional Level | |
Stage 3: Good Interpersonal Relationships Orientation | Meet the expectations of what is right because people expect it as part of mutual interpersonal relationships. |
Stage 4: Maintaining Social Order Orientation | Emphasis is on obeying social order, respecting the dignity of all while conforming to the laws of the group or institution. |
Postconventional Level | |
Stage 5: Balance of Social Contract and Individual Rights Orientation | Conceptualize society in a theoretical manner, stepping back from existing society and considering the relativity of group and individual values with respect to what society ought to uphold. |
Stage 6: Universal Ethical Principles | Defined by universal moral principles (what a society should uphold) and sense of personal commitment to them. |