Evaluating an evidence-based curriculum in undergraduate palliative care education: piloting a phase II exploratory trial for a complex intervention

Table 5 Intragroup-comparison between T1 and T2

Construct (No.)	Groups	T1 M ± SD	T2 M ± SD	t	df	p-value	MD	95%CI
(2)	IG	21.4 ± 6.82	37.3 ± 6.65	−9.2	9	<.001 *	−15.9	−19.81, -11.99
(2)	CG	22.56 ± 7.05	24.19 ± 7.53	-.7.9	15	.44	−1.63	−6.01, 2.76
(3)	IG	12.0 ± 4.32	23.6 ± 5.58	−4.8	9	.001 *	−11.6	−17.07, -6.13
(3)	CG	14 ± 5.02	13.69 ± 6.12	.22	15	.83	.31	−2.68, 3.31
(4)	IG	8.3 ± 2.11	13.2 ± 2.7	−4.62	9	.001 *	−4.9	−7.3, -2.5
(4)	CG	7.88 ± 2.19	8.75 ± 2.89	−1.73	15	.11	-.88	−1.96, .21
(5.1)	IG	18.8 ± 5.43	20.0 ± 4.19	-.73	9	.48	−1.2	−4.91, 2.51
(5.1)	CG	23.88 ± 6.52	23.75 ± 6.28	.1	15	.92	.13	−2.56, 2.81
(5.2)	IG	11.3 ± 2.0	14 ± 4.32	−1.52	9	.163	−2.7	−6.72, 1.32
(5.2)	CG	14.94 ± 5.18	15.63 ± 6.12	-.77	15	.45	-.69	−2.59, 1.22
(5.3)	IG	13.6 ± 2.95	15.9 ± 3.96	−1.8	9	.11	−2.3	−5.18, .58
(5.3)	CG	18.06 ± 4.45	17.88 ± 5.11	.22	15	.83	.19	−1.63, 2.0
(5.4)	IG	17.7 ± 6.07	21.8 ± 7.01	−1.76	9	.112	−4.1	−9.36, 1.16
	CG	19.25 ± 4.82	20.25 ± 5.64	−1.09	15	.293	−1.0	−2.96, .96

Legend: (2) Willingness to accompany dying patients; (3) Self-estimation of competence in communication with dying patients and their relatives; (4) self-estimation of knowledge and skills in PC; (5.1) Attitude towards death of self; (5.2) Attitude towards dying of self; (5.3) Attitude towards death of others; (5.4) Attitude towards dying of others. M = mean; SD = standard deviation; MD = mean difference; * significant.
Comparison in the groups between T1 and T2 shows statistical significant results for constructs (2), (3) and (4). Data of (1) is not presented because that construct has proved to be unreliable.

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