Table 1 Sample validation: comparison between “respondents” and “non respondents” for each independent variable
From: Individual characteristics and student’s engagement in scientific research: a cross-sectional study
| INDEPENDENT VARIABLES | Non respondents | Respondents | Total | Mean difference | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 62 | n = 465 | n = 527 | (T-Test/ χ 2 Test) | |||||
| n (%) | Mean/SD | n (%) | Mean/SD | n (%) | Mean/SD | |||
| Opportunities | 62 (100%) | 3.6/1.9 | 465 (100%) | 3.4/1.9 | 527 (100%) | 3.4/1.9 | t(525) = .946, n.s. | |
| GPA | 62 (100%) | 186/3.2 | 465 (100%) | 186.1/3.3 | 527 (100%) | 186.1/3.3 | t(525) = −.404, n.s. | |
| Neuroticism | 41 (66%) | 24.7/6.8 | 437 (94%) | 23.9/7.7 | 478 (91%) | 23.9/7.6 | t(476) = .804, n.s. | |
| Extroversion | 41 (66%) | 32.6/7.9 | 437 (94%) | 31.2/5.4 | 478 (91%) | 31.3/5.7 | t(475) = 1.663, n.s. | |
| Openness | 41 (66%) | 29.5/5.3 | 436 (94%) | 30.5/5.4 | 477 (91%) | 30.4/5.4 | t(475) = 1.373, n.s. | |
| Agreeableness | 41 (66%) | 33.7/5.6 | 437 (94%) | 33.9/5.3 | 478 (91%) | 33.9/5.3 | t(476) = −.160, n.s. | |
| Conscientiousness | n41 (66%) | 32.2/5.8 | n436 (94%) | 33.7/6.6 | n477 (91%) | 33.6/6.6 | t(475) = 1.209, n.s. | |
| Gender | F | 43 (69%) | -- | 321 (69%) | -- | 364 (69%) | -- | χ 2(1, N = 527) = 0.02, n.s. |
| M | 19 (31%) | -- | 144 (31%) | -- | 163 (31%) | -- | ||
| This university was my first option | 42 (68%) | -- | 356 (77%) | -- | --398 (76%) | χ 2(1, N = 398) = 2.576, n.s. | ||