TY - JOUR AU - Maudsley, G. PY - 1999 DA - 1999// TI - Do we all mean the same thing by ‘problem-based Learning’? a review of the concepts and a formulation of the ground rules JO - Acad Med VL - 74 UR - https://doi.org/10.1097/00001888-199902000-00016 DO - 10.1097/00001888-199902000-00016 ID - Maudsley1999 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Barrows, H. AU - Tamblyn, R. PY - 1980 DA - 1980// TI - Problem-based learning: an approach to medical education PB - Springer CY - New York ID - Barrows1980 ER - TY - CHAP AU - Barrett, T. ED - Barrett, T. ED - Labhrainn, I. M. ED - Fallon, H. PY - 2005 DA - 2005// TI - Understanding problem-based learning BT - Handbook of enquiry and problem-based learning PB - CELT CY - Galway ID - Barrett2005 ER - TY - CHAP AU - Savery, J. R. AU - Duffy, T. M. ED - Wilson, B. G. PY - 1996 DA - 1996// TI - Problem based learning: an instructional model and its constructivist framework BT - Constructivist learning environments: case studies in instructional design PB - Educational Technology Publications CY - New Jersey ID - Savery1996 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Koh, G. C. -. H. AU - Khoo, H. E. AU - Wong, M. L. AU - Koh, D. PY - 2008 DA - 2008// TI - The effects of problem-based learning during medical school on physician competency: a systematic review JO - CMAJ VL - 178 UR - https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.070565 DO - 10.1503/cmaj.070565 ID - Koh2008 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Barrows, H. S. PY - 2000 DA - 2000// TI - Problem-based learning applied to medical education PB - Southern Illinois University School of Medicine Press CY - Springfield ID - Barrows2000 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Donner, R. S. AU - Bickley, H. B. PY - 1993 DA - 1993// TI - Problem-based learning in American medical education: an overview JO - Bull Med Libr Assoc VL - 81 ID - Donner1993 ER - TY - CHAP AU - Armstrong, E. G. ED - Boud, D. ED - Feletti, G. E. PY - 1997 DA - 1997// TI - A hybrid model of problem-based learning BT - The challenge of problem-based learning PB - Kogan Page CY - London ID - Armstrong1997 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Grand’Maison, P. AU - Marchais, J. E. D. PY - 1991 DA - 1991// TI - Preparing faculty to teach in a problem-based learning curriculum: the sherbrooke experience JO - CMAJ VL - 144 ID - Grand’Maison1991 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bligh, J. AU - Wilkinson, P. PY - 1997 DA - 1997// TI - Report of a workshop on problem-based learning and its implications for medical education in the UK JO - Postgrad Med J VL - 73 UR - https://doi.org/10.1136/pgmj.73.861.449 DO - 10.1136/pgmj.73.861.449 ID - Bligh1997 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kinkade, S. PY - 2005 DA - 2005// TI - A snapshot of the status of problem-based learning in U.S. Medical schools, 2003–04 JO - Acad Med VL - 80 UR - https://doi.org/10.1097/00001888-200503000-00021 DO - 10.1097/00001888-200503000-00021 ID - Kinkade2005 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Oda, Y. AU - Koizumi, S. PY - 2008 DA - 2008// TI - Status of medical education reform at saga medical school 5 years after introducing PBL JO - Kaohsiung J Med Sci VL - 24 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1607-551X(08)70094-9 DO - 10.1016/S1607-551X(08)70094-9 ID - Oda2008 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Tsou, K. -. I. PY - 2009 DA - 2009// TI - Short-term outcomes of a near-full PBL curriculum in a new Taiwan medical school JO - Kaohsiung J Med Sci VL - 25 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1607-551X(09)70075-0 DO - 10.1016/S1607-551X(09)70075-0 ID - Tsou2009 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Blumberg, P. AU - Michael, J. A. PY - 1992 DA - 1992// TI - Development of self-directed learning behaviors in a partially teacher-directed problem-based learning curriculum JO - Teach Learn Med VL - 4 UR - https://doi.org/10.1080/10401339209539526 DO - 10.1080/10401339209539526 ID - Blumberg1992 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Houlden, R. L. AU - Collier, C. P. AU - Frid, P. J. AU - John, S. L. AU - Pross, H. PY - 2001 DA - 2001// TI - Problems identified by tutors in a hybrid problem-based learning curriculum JO - Acad Med VL - 76 UR - https://doi.org/10.1097/00001888-200101000-00021 DO - 10.1097/00001888-200101000-00021 ID - Houlden2001 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Taylor, D. AU - Miflin, B. PY - 1998 DA - 1998// TI - Problem-based Learning: where are we now? JO - Med Teach VL - 30 UR - https://doi.org/10.1080/01421590802217199 DO - 10.1080/01421590802217199 ID - Taylor1998 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Walton, H. J. AU - Matthews, M. B. PY - 1989 DA - 1989// TI - Essentials of problem-based learning JO - Med Educ VL - 23 UR - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2923.1989.tb01581.x DO - 10.1111/j.1365-2923.1989.tb01581.x ID - Walton1989 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Albanese, M. A. AU - Mitchell, S. PY - 1993 DA - 1993// TI - Problem-based learning: a review of literature on its outcomes and implementation issues JO - Acad Med VL - 68 UR - https://doi.org/10.1097/00001888-199301000-00012 DO - 10.1097/00001888-199301000-00012 ID - Albanese1993 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kwan, C. -. Y. AU - Tam, L. PY - 2009 DA - 2009// TI - Commentary: hybrid PBL- what is in a name? JO - J Med Educ VL - 13 ID - Kwan2009 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Sefton, A. J. AU - Kwan, C. -. Y. PY - 2002 DA - 2002// TI - Problem-based learning: Impact and implementation in a workshop setting JO - J Med Educ VL - 6 ID - Sefton2002 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wood, D. F. PY - 2003 DA - 2003// TI - ABC of learning and teaching in medicine: problem-based learning JO - BMJ VL - 326 UR - https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.326.7384.328 DO - 10.1136/bmj.326.7384.328 ID - Wood2003 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Weiss, R. E. PY - 2003 DA - 2003// TI - Designing problems to promote higher-order thinking JO - New Dir Teach Learn VL - 95 UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/tl.109 DO - 10.1002/tl.109 ID - Weiss2003 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lechky, O. PY - 1992 DA - 1992// TI - U of T not the only Ontario medical school heavily involved in curriculum renewal JO - CMAJ VL - 147 ID - Lechky1992 ER - TY - BOOK PY - 2012 DA - 2012// TI - Functions and structure of a medical school. Standards for accreditation of medical education programs leading to the M.D. Degree PB - Liaison Committee on Medical Education CY - Washington ID - ref24 ER - TY - BOOK PY - 2009 DA - 2009// TI - Tomorrow’s Doctors PB - General Medical Council CY - London ID - ref25 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Tärnvik, A. PY - 2007 DA - 2007// TI - Revival of the case method: a way to retain student-centred learning in a post-PBL era JO - Med Teach VL - 29 UR - https://doi.org/10.1080/01421590601039968 DO - 10.1080/01421590601039968 ID - Tärnvik2007 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Pearson, T. A. AU - Barker, W. H. AU - Fisher, S. G. AU - Trafton, S. H. PY - 2003 DA - 2003// TI - Integration of the case-based series in population-oriented prevention into a problem-based medical curriculum JO - Am J Prev Med VL - 24 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-3797(03)00030-8 DO - 10.1016/S0749-3797(03)00030-8 ID - Pearson2003 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Srinivasan, M. AU - Wilkes, M. AU - Stevenson, F. AU - Nguyen, T. AU - Slavin, S. PY - 2007 DA - 2007// TI - Comparing problem-based learning with case-based learning: effects of a major curricular shift at Two institutions JO - Acad Med VL - 82 UR - https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ACM.0000249963.93776.aa DO - 10.1097/01.ACM.0000249963.93776.aa ID - Srinivasan2007 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Parmelee, D. AU - Michaelsen, L. K. AU - Cook, S. AU - Hudes, P. D. PY - 2012 DA - 2012// TI - Team-based learning: a practical guide: AMEE guide No. 65 JO - Med Teach VL - 34 UR - https://doi.org/10.3109/0142159X.2012.651179 DO - 10.3109/0142159X.2012.651179 ID - Parmelee2012 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Okubo, Y. PY - 2012 DA - 2012// TI - Team-based learning, a learning strategy for clinical reasoning, in students with problem-based learning tutorial experiences JO - Tohoku J Exp Med VL - 227 UR - https://doi.org/10.1620/tjem.227.23 DO - 10.1620/tjem.227.23 ID - Okubo2012 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Abdelkhalek, N. AU - Hussein, A. AU - Gibbs, T. AU - Hamdy, H. PY - 2010 DA - 2010// TI - Using team-based learning to prepare medical students for future problem-based learning JO - Med Teach VL - 32 UR - https://doi.org/10.3109/01421590903548539 DO - 10.3109/01421590903548539 ID - Abdelkhalek2010 ER - TY - CHAP AU - Walsh, K. ED - Walsh, K. PY - 2010 DA - 2010// TI - Cost effectiveness in medical education: an introduction BT - Cost effectiveness in medical education PB - Radcliffe CY - London ID - Walsh2010 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Finucane, P. AU - Shannon, W. AU - McGrath, D. PY - 2009 DA - 2009// TI - The financial costs of delivering problem-based learning in a new, graduate-entry medical programme JO - Med Educ VL - 43 UR - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2923.2009.03373.x DO - 10.1111/j.1365-2923.2009.03373.x ID - Finucane2009 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Sefton, A. J. PY - 1997 DA - 1997// TI - From a traditional to a problem-based curriculum- estimating staff time and resources JO - Educ Health VL - 10 ID - Sefton1997 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Martinez, W. AU - Azzam, A. AU - Mack, K. PY - 2009 DA - 2009// TI - Student near-peer co-tutors in PBL groups JO - Med Educ VL - 43 UR - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2923.2009.03315.x DO - 10.1111/j.1365-2923.2009.03315.x ID - Martinez2009 ER - TY - CHAP AU - Margetson, D. ED - Boud, D. ED - Feletti, G. E. PY - 1997 DA - 1997// TI - Why is problem-based learning a challenge? BT - The challenge of problem-based learning PB - Kogan Page CY - London ID - Margetson1997 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Mcmanus, C. PY - 1995 DA - 1995// TI - New pathways to medical education: learning to learn at Harvard medical school JO - BMJ VL - 311 UR - https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.311.6996.67 DO - 10.1136/bmj.311.6996.67 ID - Mcmanus1995 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Karlsen, K. A. AU - Vik, T. AU - Westin, S. PY - 2000 DA - 2000// TI - The problem-based medical curriculum in Trondheim- did it turn out as planned? JO - Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen VL - 120 ID - Karlsen2000 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hamdy, H. PY - 2008 DA - 2008// TI - The fuzzy world of problem-based learning JO - Med Teach VL - 30 UR - https://doi.org/10.1080/01421590802345891 DO - 10.1080/01421590802345891 ID - Hamdy2008 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Azer, S. A. PY - 2009 DA - 2009// TI - What makes a great lecture? Use of lectures in a hybrid PBL curriculum JO - Kaohsiung J Med Sci VL - 25 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1607-551X(09)70049-X DO - 10.1016/S1607-551X(09)70049-X ID - Azer2009 ER - TY - JOUR AU - van Berkel, H. AU - Schmidt, H. PY - 2005 DA - 2005// TI - On the additional value of lectures in a problem-based curriculum JO - Educ Health VL - 18 UR - https://doi.org/10.1080/13576280500042648 DO - 10.1080/13576280500042648 ID - van Berkel2005 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Fyrenius, A. AU - Bergdahl, B. AU - Silen, C. PY - 2005 DA - 2005// TI - Lectures in problem-based learning- Why, when and how? an example of interactive lecturing that stimulates meaningful learning JO - Med Teach VL - 27 UR - https://doi.org/10.1080/01421590400016365 DO - 10.1080/01421590400016365 ID - Fyrenius2005 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Nayak, S. B. PY - 2006 DA - 2006// TI - The broken lecture: an innovative method of teaching JO - Advan Physiol Educ VL - 30 UR - https://doi.org/10.1152/advan.00047.2005 DO - 10.1152/advan.00047.2005 ID - Nayak2006 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Des Marchais, J. E. PY - 1993 DA - 1993// TI - A student-centered, problem-based curriculum: 5 years’ experience JO - CMAJ VL - 148 ID - Des Marchais1993 ER - TY - CHAP AU - MacKinnon, M. M. PY - 1999 DA - 1999// TI - Cornerstones: proceedings of the 1999 annual HERDSA conference: 12–15 July 1999; Melbourne BT - Conversion to problem-based learning: a comparison of three approaches to curriculum reform PB - University of Melbourne CY - Melbourne ID - MacKinnon1999 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Tang, G. PY - 2001 DA - 2001// TI - Quality assurance of problem-based learning (PBL): the Hong Kong experience JO - Ann Acad Med Singapore VL - 30 ID - Tang2001 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kolmos, A. PY - 2010 DA - 2010// TI - Premises for changing to PBL JO - Int J Scholarship Teach Learn VL - 4 ID - Kolmos2010 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Achike, F. I. PY - 2003 DA - 2003// TI - Sustaining the effectiveness of PBL in a medical curriculum JO - J Med Educ VL - 7 ID - Achike2003 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Neville, A. J. PY - 2009 DA - 2009// TI - Problem-based learning and medical education forty years on JO - Med Princ Pract VL - 18 UR - https://doi.org/10.1159/000163038 DO - 10.1159/000163038 ID - Neville2009 ER - TY - STD TI - The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here:http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6920/12/89/prepub UR - http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6920/12/89/prepub ID - ref50 ER -