Countries | Trends in Unemployment Advantage (1991–2002) | Mean + SD | r | P | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1991 | 1995 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | ||||
Sweden | 1 | 3.7 | 2.8 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 1.6 | 1.2 | 2.04 + 0.94 | −0.120 | 0.798 |
France | 2.2 | 1.8 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2 | 1.5 | 1 | 1.85 + 0.46 | −0.557 | 0.194 |
Canada | 1.6 | 1.4 | 1.9 | 1.5 | 1.2 | 1 | 1.1 | 1.38 + 0.31 | −0.570 | 0.184 |
Belgium | 2.7 | 3 | 2.5 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.7 | . | 2.17 + 0.55 | −0.055 | 0.907 |
Finland | 3 | 5.9 | 3.6 | 3.7 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 3.67 + 1.01 | −0.278 | 0.545 |
United States | 2.6 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.9 | 1.65 + 0.48 | −0.690 | 0.087 |
Italy | 1.1 | −0.4 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.37 + 0.46 | −0.189 | 0.685 |
Luxembourg | . | . | . | 0 | 0.3 | −0.3 | −0.6 | −0.15 + 0.38 | −0.800 | 0.200 |
Denmark | 3.4 | 4.2 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.9 | −0.2 | −0.4 | 1.35 + 1.76 | −0.892 | 0.007 |
Hungary | . | . | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3 | 2.4 | 2.1 | 2.82 + 0.54 | −0.957 | 0.010 |
UnitedKingdom | 2.5 | 2.8 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.9 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 1.90 + 0.57 | −0.860 | 0.011 |
Australia | 1.9 | 1.5 | 1.8 | 1.3 | 0.6 | 1.2 | 0.7 | 1.28 + 0.50 | −0.772 | 0.042 |
Portugal | 2.3 | 2.3 | 1.7 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 1.17 + 0.93 | −0.920 | 0.003 |
Norway | 1.9 | 1.2 | 0.6 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.91 + 0.50 | −0.920 | 0.003 |
Turkey | 2.4 | 2.2 | 0.6 | 1.5 | 0.6 | 1.2 | −0.2 | 1.18 + 0.93 | −0.836 | 0.019 |
Ireland | 1.5 | 1.8 | 0.7 | 1.3 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 1.01 + 0.51 | −0.775 | 0.041 |
Mexico | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0. | 2. | 0.40 + 0.22 | −0.919 | 0.010 |
Spain | 2 | 2 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 1.02 + 0.66 | −0.883 | 0.008 |
Netherlands | 2.3 | 0.2 | . | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.3 | −0.1 | 0.53 + 0.88 | −0.843 | 0.035 |
New Zealand | 1.7 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.4 | −0.1 | 0 | −0.1 | 0.31 + 0.63 | −0.848 | 0.016 |
Greece | −0.8 | 2.3 | 1.4 | 1.7 | 1.4 | 1.4 | . | 1.23 + 1.05 | 0.627 | 0.182 |
Austria | 1 | 0.5 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1 | 1.1 | 0.92 + 0.20 | 0.338 | 0.458 |
Korea | −0.8 | −0.5 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.1 | −0.2 | −0.4 | −0.01 + 0.65 | 0.394 | 0.382 |
Switzerland | 0 | 0.5 | −0.3 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.5 | −0.1 | 0.20 + 0.33 | 0.118 | 0.801 |
Iceland | . | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.9 | . | 0.60 + 0.25 | 0.809 | 0.097 |
Poland | 6.3 | 4.9 | 5.6 | 6.9 | 7.8 | 8.2 | . | 6.61 + 1.27 | 0.624 | 0.185 |
Slovak Republic | . | 5.6 | 4.2 | 6.1 | 7.7 | 8.3 | 8.5 | 6.73 + 1.70 | 0.776 | 0.070 |
Japan | . | 0.4 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 1.1 | 0.9 | . | 0.76 + 0.26 | 0.883 | 0.047 |
Germany | 0.8 | 1.8 | 3 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 3 | 2.30 + 0.77 | 0.908 | 0.005 |
Czech Republic | . | 1.2 | 2 | 2.9 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 2.9 | 2.58 + 0.81 | 0.887 | 0.018 |
Mean + SD | 1.69 + 0.23 | 1.81 + 0.36 | 1.37 + 0.23 | 1.30 + 0.19 | 1.05 + 0.19 | 1.00 + 0.19 | 0.81 + 0.23 |  |  |  |
95 % CI | [1.19 - 2.18] | [1.05 - 2.57] | [0.87 - 1.87] | [0.88 - 1.72] | [0.64 - 1.47] | [0.59 - 1.40] | [0.32 - 1.30] |  |  |  |